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lines should be protected against short circuits and ground faults. Systems relays should be installed on transmission lines to divide all faults on lines installed to protect. System relays enable reducing damages at point of fault and preventing shock effect on remainder of systems. Distance relays are suitable for provision of single line operation and protection. They should be supplied sufficiently to provide backup protection. Two types of distance relays used in distance relaying on 3-phase include impedance relays and reactance relays. Faults occurring on lines of transmission within or just beyond end of section are solved by integrating intermediate class that includes identification of faults in intermediate neighborhood. Intermediate class distance relays are configured such that if a fault falls in first class circuit breaker is tripped. When fault falls on second or intermediate class definite time of delay is calculated before circuit breaker is tripped. If fault is classified in third class circuit breaker is tripped after a considerable greater time. Types of distance relaying techniques used in 3-phase includes:
Star current relaying protects against line faults using delta voltage and line current used to operate relay. The second type is delta current relaying which provides protection through relaying indication signals for all line faults. It compares equations which identify faulted phases for line to line Air Max Plus Kopen , double line to ground and 3-phase. Third type of relaying is called convection distance relaying. It eliminates resistance component present on ground faults through analysis of available current. Fourth type of relaying is improved distance relaying which provides protection through ensuring relaying stations provides satisfaction indication. Characteristics of known circuits are embedded to give better results.

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